The Chapel of the Apparitions (Capelinha das Aparições) is the spiritual heart of the Sanctuary of Fátima and the most significant site within the entire complex. It marks the exact spot where Our Lady of Fátima is said to have appeared to the three shepherd children in 1917. These apparitions took place in an area that was then known Cova da Iria, where 3 young children, Lucia Dos Santos and her cousins Francisco and Jacinta Marto, reported seeing the Virgin Mary on multiple occasions from May until October 1917. They described seeing "A lady more brilliant than the sun", surrounded by light that was brighter yet softer than sunlight. She wore a white robe with a golden cord around her waist and a mantle that reached her feet. Appearing 6 times on the 13th day of each month, she shared several important messages, including the Three Secrets of Fátima, which consisted of vision of hell, a prophecy about the end of World War I and the beginning of another war, and a final mysterious vision that the Church interpreted as referring to future persecution and the attempted assassination of a pope.
In response to the apparitions and at the request of the Virgin Mary (according to Lucia's memoirs), the small chapel was built in 1919 by local believers. It was a humble structure, made of wood and thatch. It was unfortunately destroyed by anti-clerical forces in 1922, but it was rebuilt soon after. Despite its modest size, the chapel remains the most venerated space in Fátima. It features an altar, a statue of Our Lady of Fátima, and is open on the sides to allow the faithful to gather around in prayer. The statue was crafted in 1920 by José Ferreira Thedim and actually contains a bullet from the assassination attempt on Pope John Paul II. Many believe the final secret revealed by the Virgin refers to the attempt on the Pope's life in 1981, and John Paul himself credited Our Lady of Fátima with saving him. The chapel is the site of daily Masses, rosaries, and processions, especially during major pilgrimage dates like May 13 and October 13, which commemorate the first and last apparitions.
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